Some cables and wires used in vehicles are quite different from ordinary ones, as they can be used under more extreme conditions, such as more heat. They can be more expensive than ordinary wires due to jackets and flexibility.
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There are various types of wires and cables used in vehicles, but a few are explained below.
GPT wires (primary wires)
It is quite commonly used in automobiles. They are used for various purposes and made up of the insulation called polyvinylchloride (PVC) and bare copper conductor. It has multi-stranded cores and also uses the flexible insulations which make them perfect for automobiles tight spaces. The cable temperature ranges from -40 o C to 80°C. Some can also bear the heat up to 105°C. It is resistant to chemicals, oils, and acids.
TWP (Thin Wall Thermoplastic)
wires have a small diameter as compared to other wires and are used in vehicles where there is a need for lightweight and small diameter wires. It is made up of the conductor bare copper and insulator polyvinylchloride (PVC), and its temperature ranges from -40°C to 105°C.
HDT (Heavy Duty Thermoplastic)
These wires are used in the automotive applications that are complex and require protection from external threats. For example, it is mainly used in surface wiring in various types of vehicles, such as RVs, buses and trucks. It is mainly made up of using the conductor stranded bare copper, and insulator polyvinylchloride (PVC) and its temperature range from -40°C. to 80°C.
GXL Wires
These are usually thin wall cross-linked cables which are mainly used in vehicle engine compartments (requires high resistant towards heat) due to its thin walls and easy use in tight spaces. It is made up of bare copper conductor, and thin insulator wall cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and its temperature range from -51°C to 125°C.
SXL Wires
It can resist high heat, abrasion and ageing factors. It can be used for industrial use, high stress and hard work environment. It is made up of bare copper conductor and thin insulator wall cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) having the voltage of 50 volts and temperature, which can range from -51°C to 125°C.
Motor Wires
It can resist high voltage because of the fine strands of conductor materials which are used in the wire. These wires can resist temperature up to 105°C (or 221°F) and having the voltage transmission capacity up to 600 volts. In addition to temperature, these wires are also resistant to oil, grease, water, solvents, and fungus.
TXL Wires
They have extra-thin walls which make them ideal in the automotive applications where there is a requirement of lightweight and small sizes. It is made up of insulator cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), and bare copper conductor with the voltage capacity of 50 volts and temperature ranges from -51°C to 125°C.
Battery Cables
These are high gauge and heavy cables which are used to connect the car electrical system and ground to the battery. Its voltage capacity is usually up to 60V DC. One issue with the battery cable is the high vulnerability towards corrosion and it is recommended to check battery cable from time to time. The main types of battery cables are SGT battery cable and SGX battery cable.
Speaker Wires
As the name indicates these cables are used for audio applications and transmit audio sound from stereo receivers to speakers. It is usually low voltage cables and cannot be used to carry a high load.