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Asked: 2020-01-12T22:51:07+00:00 In:

What are servo motors?

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An electric motor is an electric machine that transforms electric power into mechanical energy. The interaction between the magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding is the basis for most of the electric motors to generate force by turning a shaft.

What are the major industrial applications of servo motors?

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    2 Answers

    1. Level 3

      Servo motor is also called servos. They are rotary actuators devices for accurate speed control, torque and angular position. It has some capabilities that a standard motor does not have as it moves the different parts of the machine with high efficiency and with great precision. A signal (data) better known as the pulse-width modulator (PWM) controls the servo motor.

      The servo consists essentially of a motor (AC or DC), a gear system, a position sensor and a circuit control. In the case of DC motors, the motor is powered by a battery source which results to run the motor at high speed and low torque. The gear and shaft connected to the DC motors lower this rate to higher torque and speed.

      The position sensor senses the shaft position and feeds the information to the control circuit. The control circuit thus decodes the signal from its position sensor and compares the current position of the motors to the desired position and therefore determines the rotational direction of the DC motor to achieve the correct position. In general, the Servo motor requires a 4.8V to 6 V DC supply.

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    3. Level 6

      Servo motors are small and powerful. They are mostly used for applications that require fast speed changes without the motor being overheated.  

      • They are used in industrial applications such as machine tools, packaging and bottling, factory automation, material handling, labelling and printing, assembly lines and many other demanding applications such as robotics, computer numerical control (CNC) machinery or automated production.
      • The use of servo motor printing presses or in printers is to stop printing heads precisely on the page and move the paper along to print multiple lines of text or graphics in exact lines, whether it is a newspaper, a magazine, or an annual report.
      • Servo motors are also used in vehicles to maintain vehicle speed. In robotic vehicles, they are used typically for military and bomb detonation purpose, servo motors power the robotic wheels and generate sufficient torque to move, pause, and start the vehicles efficiently and regulate its speed.
      • In the textile industry, the role of servo motors is to control industrial spinning and weaving machines, weavers and knitting machines producing textiles such as carpets and fabrics and wearable items such as socks, caps and gloves. 
      • In the solar tracking system, the servo motors control the solar panel angle throughout the day so that every panel faces the sun and consumes the most energy from sunrise to sunset.
      • These are also used in their hydraulic systems by the aerospace industry to maintain hydraulic fluid. It can also be used for controlling the positioning and movement of elevators in radio-controlled aircraft.
      • Servo motors are used for the extension or replay of disc trays in electronic devices like DVDs, blue-ray disk players and also in radio-controlled devices. 
      • Servo motors control the entry of the automatic door openers such as in supermarkets or hospitals whether the signal to be opened is via a handicapped entrance push plate or overhead positioned radio transmitters.
      • The servo motors provide precise motion control in metal cutting and metal shaping machines for milling, grinding, centring, stroking, pressing and bending of metal production components such as jar pads on car wheels.
      • They can also be used in antenna positioning on both azimuth and elevation drive axis of antennas and telescope. 

       

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